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The valve for filling the adsorber A is opened. Compressed air is supplied to the adsorber A, as a result of which the pressure in it increases to the working one.
When the operating pressure in adsorber A is reached, the oxygen delivery valve to the consumer and the relief valve from adsorber B are opened. A part of the oxygen is sent to adsorber B for its regeneration.
After the adsorbent saturation with impurities in adsorber A, all valves are closed. At this moment, adsorber A is under operating pressure, and adsorber B is under a slight excess pressure relating to atmospheric pressure.
Then the valves in the upper and lower equalization lines are opened, as a result of which the pressure becomes the same in both adsorbers. Further, the valves in the equalization lines close and the filling valve of the adsorber B opens.
The valve for filling the adsorber B is opened. Compressed air is supplied to the adsorber B, as a result of which the pressure in it increases to the working one.
When the operating pressure in adsorber B is reached, the oxygen delivery valve to the consumer and the discharge valve from adsorber A are opened. Part of the oxygen is sent to adsorber A for its regeneration.
After saturation of the adsorbent in adsorber B with impurities, all valves are closed. At this moment, adsorber B is under operating pressure, and adsorber A is under a slight excess pressure in relation to atmospheric pressure.
Then the valves in the upper and lower equalization lines are opened, as a result of which the pressure in both adsorbers becomes the same. Further, the valves in the equalization lines are closed and the valve for filling the adsorber A is opened.
This is the full cycle of the installation. In the future, this cycle is repeated many times.
The pressure swing adsorption (PSA) technology is widely used to obtain various industrial gases, such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen and others. In addition, it can be used for dehumidified compressed air.
The PSA unit operation principle is based on the selective adsorption of some components of gas mixtures. In this case, the adsorption rate plays a significant role in the operation of such installations. Since the cycle time is short, the adsorbed impurities saturate only the surface layers of the adsorbent granules, without any time for penetrating into the deep layers. In this case, it is quite easy to conduct the subsequent desorption of the accumulated impurities by reducing the pressure in the adsorber and short-term blowdown with the product gas flow.
Synthetic zeolites are highly porous substances with a developed structure and a large specific surface area. Having selective adsorption capacity for various gases, they allow individual components to be separated from gas mixtures.
So, most often, zeolites are used to obtain oxygen from atmospheric air. This process is based on a larger adsorption activity of zeolites for absorbing nitrogen than oxygen. Modern PSA plants using highly efficient synthetic zeolites that allow to produce the gaseous oxygen with a concentration of up to 99%.
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